tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-47534550485482503872024-03-19T14:49:58.386-07:00Sport Cars ManiacsLearn how stuff works such as engine,driffting,chasis,fork,absorber,clutch,braking system and other especially for sport carsFizwaNhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11114856556180550720noreply@blogger.comBlogger10125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4753455048548250387.post-86318140040726572082010-04-20T12:44:00.000-07:002010-04-20T14:38:24.695-07:00More Drifting Techniques<div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b>More Drifting Techniques</b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b>Power-Over Drift </b></div><div style="text-align: justify;">- The driver accelerates into and through the entire turn to make the back end swing out as the weight shifts on exit. This technique requires a lot of <b><a href="http://sportcarmaniacs.blogspot.com/2008/12/horsepower.html" target="_blank">horsepower</a></b>.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b>Feint Drift </b></div><div style="text-align: justify;">- The driver steers the car to the outside of the turn on the approach, pushing the car's weight to outside wheels. She then quickly steers back into the turn. When the car's suspension kicks back, the weight shifts so quickly that the back end flicks out to initiate a drift.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b>Jump Drift</b> </div><div style="text-align: justify;">- Entering a turn, the driver bounces the inside rear tire over the inner curb to shift the car's weight to the outside wheels and induce traction loss, initiating a drift.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b>Dynamic Drift (Kansei Drift) </b></div><div style="text-align: justify;">- Entering a turn at high speed, the driver suddenly releases the gas pedal to shift the weight to the front wheels, initiating a <b>drift </b>as the rear tires lose traction.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b>Swaying Drift</b></div><div style="text-align: justify;">- A <b>swaying drift </b>is a lot like a feint <b>drift</b> except that it begins on a long straightaway approach to a turn. Once the car starts <b>drifting</b>, the driver uses steering to maintain the <b>drift </b>in the form of a side-to-side swaying of the car's back end.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b>Dirt-Drop Drift </b></div><div style="text-align: justify;">- The driver drops the rear tires off the race course into the dirt. This technique helps initiate a <b>drift,</b> maintain speed to hold a drift through multiple turns or increase the <b>drift angle</b> during a single turn. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">As you can see from the above techniques, <b>drifting</b> is not the most natural thing for a car to do. To get a car in good shape to <b>drift</b> and to keep it in good shape as a <b>drifting</b> car, there are some additions or modifications that a lot of drivers make. These can include adding horsepower and upgrading the engine's cooling system to handle the increased stress and power needs, tightening the suspension (MacPherson strut is a preferred type) to help with the <b>weight-shifting drift techniques</b>, and installing a limited-slip differential so the driver can control the car while drifting through more than one turn. A limited-slip differential lets the car transfer torque to whichever wheels have traction, whether that's one or all four. The driver will usually disable any traction control and/or anti-lock-brake systems so the tires can more easily lose traction, as well as inflate the tires to about 10 psi above normal pressure to decrease their grip on the road. Since the rear tires on a drifting car can get burned up in just a handful of <b>drifting runs</b>, drivers typically put good tires on the front and cheap tires on the back. Tires are by far the biggest expense in the sport of <b>drifting</b>.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Unless you're buying a whole new car to <b>drift,</b> that is. When considering a good <b>drifting </b>car, you're basically looking for a rear-wheel drive, lightweight car that's relatively inexpensive (cars can get pretty beat up on the drifting circuit). Other qualities that make a nice <b>drifter</b> include a high front-to-rear weight ratio, good horsepower and a light flywheel so the engine revs easier. Some of the more popular drifting cars include the <b>Toyota Corolla AE86 GTS</b>, the <b>Nissan Silvia S13</b> or <b>S14</b>, the <b>Nissan 180SX</b>, the <b>Nissan Skyline GTS-T</b>, the <b>Nissan Sil-Eighty</b> and the <b>Mazda RX-7</b> (Japanese cars tend to be lighter in the rear than others).</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">You'll actually find a pretty wide range of cars at drifting events, including European and American models. Most pros will tell you that with the right level of skill, you can make any car a drifter, and in addition to the common drift cars, you'll see everything from <b>Ford Mustangs</b> to <b>BMWs</b> at competitions.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">The judging at a drift competition is very different from any other type of car race. It's more like the judging at an ice skating competition than at a <b>NASCAR</b> event.<br />
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<i><span style="font-size: x-small;">(Article source : howstuffworks.com) </span></i><br />
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Here I find a video on <b>You Tube</b> teaching about <b>How To Drift</b>. Enjoy watching & learning (",)</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
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<center><object height="385" width="480"><param name="movie" value="http://www.youtube.com/v/WYlj1WRj9s0&hl=en_US&fs=1&rel=0"></param><param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"></param><param name="allowscriptaccess" value="always"></param><embed src="http://www.youtube.com/v/WYlj1WRj9s0&hl=en_US&fs=1&rel=0" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowscriptaccess="always" allowfullscreen="true" width="480" height="385"></embed></object></center><br />
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</div>FizwaNhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11114856556180550720noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4753455048548250387.post-32156598310121324112010-04-17T08:48:00.000-07:002010-04-18T01:34:25.093-07:00Making A Car DriftThe first <b>drifting technique</b> a driver needs to master is actually a regular racing technique. <b>Heel-and-toe shifting </b>lets a race car driver downshift smoothly and quickly (to increase rpm) while simultaneously braking (to shift the car's weight forward). The goal of this shifting technique is to maintain equilibrium between engine speed and wheel speed so the drivetrain doesn't jolt while downshifting. To heel-and-toe downshift while your right foot is on the brake, you depress the clutch with your left foot, shift to neutral and release the clutch. Then, keeping the ball of your right foot on the brake, you move your right heel to the gas pedal and rev the engine until the rpm matches up with wheel speed (usually an increase of about 1,500 rpm per one-gear downshift). Once you reach the proper rpm, you get off the gas pedal, still applying the brake, push in the clutch again and downshift. Once a driver can execute proper race-style shifting, she's ready to master some drifting techniques.<br />
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<b>Clutch-based techniques</b><br />
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* <b>Clutch-kick drift</b> - Approaching the turn, the driver holds in the clutch, increases rpm and downshifts. She then releases the clutch, causing a power surge that makes the back wheels lose traction. This is a basic drifting technique.<br />
* <b>Shift-lock drift </b>- Approaching the turn, the driver downshifts and drops the rpm to slow down the drivetrain. She then releases the clutch, causing the back wheels to immediately slow down and lock up so they lose traction. <br />
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<b>Brake-based techniques</b><br />
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*<b> E-brake drift</b> - The driver enters the turn and pulls the emergency brake to lock the back wheels. She steers into the turn, and the back end swings out into a drift. This is a basic drifting technique.<br />
* <b>Braking drift </b>- The driver enters the turn and applies the brakes to push the car's weight to the front wheels, causing the back wheels to rise and lose traction. She then uses a combination of braking and shifting to hold the drift without the back wheels locking up.<br />
* <b>Long-slide drift</b> - On a long straightaway approaching a turn, at high speed (up to 100 mph / 161 kph), the driver pulls the emergency brake to initiate a long drift and maintains it into the turn. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><i>(article source : howstuffworks.com<b>)</b></i><br />
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Let watch the superb drifting technique ever. I think so. Enjoy!!</b><br />
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<center><object height="385" width="480"><param name="movie" value="http://www.youtube.com/v/2UA62Hj7rws&hl=en_US&fs=1&rel=0"></param><param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"></param><param name="allowscriptaccess" value="always"></param><embed src="http://www.youtube.com/v/2UA62Hj7rws&hl=en_US&fs=1&rel=0" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowscriptaccess="always" allowfullscreen="true" width="480" height="385"></embed></object></center>FizwaNhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11114856556180550720noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4753455048548250387.post-72963453204101008862008-12-03T08:26:00.000-08:002008-12-03T09:26:38.612-08:00Horsepower<p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Horsepower</b> (<b>hp</b> or <b>HP</b><sup id="cite_ref-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horsepower#cite_note-0" title=""><span></span><span></span></a></sup>) is the name of several non-metric of power. In scientific discourse, the term "<span style="font-weight: bold;">horsepower</span>" is rarely used because of its various definitions and the already existent SI unit for power, the watt (W). However, use of the term "<span style="font-weight: bold;">horsepower</span>" persists as a legacy in many languages and industries, particularly as a unit of measurement of the maximum power output of internal-combustion engines of automobiles; and often of trucks, buses, and ships. The use of 'HP' is being slowly replaced by kW (kilowatt) and MW (megawatt).</p><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><p style="text-align: justify;">There are two important factors to consider when evaluating the measurement of "<span style="font-weight: bold;">horsepower</span>":</p><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><ul style="text-align: justify;"><li>The inconsistent definitions of the "<span style="font-weight: bold;">horsepower</span>" unit itself</li><li>The various standards used in measuring the value of "horsepower"</li></ul> <p style="text-align: justify;">These factors can be combined in unexpected ways — the power output for an engine rated at "100 <span style="font-weight: bold;">horsepower</span>" might not be what a reader expects. For this reason, various groups have attempted to standardize not only the definition of "<span style="font-weight: bold;">horsepower</span>" but the measurement of "<span style="font-weight: bold;">horsepower</span>". In the interim, more confusion may surface.</p><div style="text-align: justify;">The development of the steam engine provided a reason to equate the output of horses with the engines that could replace them. In 1702, <span style="font-weight: bold;">Thomas Savery </span>wrote in The Miner's Friend: <span style="font-style: italic;">"So that an engine which will raise as much water as two horses, working together at one time in such a work, can do, and for which there must be constantly kept ten or twelve horses for doing the same. Then I say, such an engine may be made large enough to do the work required in employing eight, ten, fifteen, or twenty horses to be constantly maintained and kept for doing such a work..."</span><br /></div><br /><div style="text-align: justify;">The term "<span style="font-weight: bold;">horsepower</span>" was coined later by <span style="font-weight: bold;">James Watt</span> (lived from 1736 to 1819) and is most famous for his work on improving the performance of steam engines. We are also reminded of him every day when we talk about 60-watt light bulbs. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><p style="text-align: justify;">The story goes that Watt was working with ponies lifting coal at a coal mine, and he wanted a way to talk about the power available from one of these animals. He found that, on average, a mine pony could do 22,000 foot-pounds of work in a minute. He then increased that number by 50 percent and pegged the measurement of <span style="font-weight: bold;">horsepower </span>at 33,000 foot-pounds of work in one minute. It is that arbitrary unit of measure that has made its way down through the centuries and now appears on your car, your lawn mower, your chain saw and even in some cases your vacuum cleaner. </p> <p> </p><table width="400" align="center" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0"> <tbody><tr><td> <center><img alt="horsepower" src="http://static.howstuffworks.com/gif/horsepower1.gif" /><br /><!-- <span style="font-size:-2;">Photo courtesy</span><br />--> </center> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p> </p> <p style="text-align: justify;">What <span style="font-weight: bold;">horsepower</span> means is this: In Watt's judgement, one horse can do 33,000 foot-pounds of work every minute. So, imagine a horse raising coal out of a coal mine as shown above. A horse exerting 1 <span style="font-weight: bold;">horsepower</span> can raise 330 pounds of coal 100 feet in a minute, or 33 pounds of coal 1,000 feet in one minute, or 1,000 pounds 33 feet in one minute. You can make up whatever combination of feet and pounds you like. As long as the product is 33,000 foot-pounds in one minute, you have a horsepower.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">You can probably imagine that you would not want to load 33,000 pounds of coal in the bucket and ask the horse to move it 1 foot in a minute because the horse couldn't budge that big a load. You can probably also imagine that you would not want to put 1 pound of coal in the bucket and ask the horse to run 33,000 feet in one minute, since that translates into 375 miles per hour and horses can't run that fast. With a block and tackle you can easily trade perceived weight for distance using an arrangement of pulleys. So you could create a block and tackle system that puts a comfortable amount of weight on the horse at a comfortable speed no matter how much weight is actually in the bucket.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">Horsepower</span> can be converted into other units as well. For example:</p><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><ul style="text-align: justify;"><li>1 horsepower is equivalent to 746 watts. So if you took a 1-<span style="font-weight: bold;">horsepower</span> horse and put it on a treadmill, it could operate a generator producing a continuous 746 watts. </li><li>1 <span style="font-weight: bold;">horsepower</span> (over the course of an hour) is equivalent to 2,545 BTU (British thermal units). If you took that 746 watts and ran it through an electric heater for an hour, it would produce 2,545 BTU (where a BTU is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 pound of water 1 degree F). </li><li>One BTU is equal to 1,055 joules, or 252 gram-calories or 0.252 food Calories. Presumably, a horse producing 1 horsepower would burn 641 Calories in one hour if it were 100-percent efficient. </li></ul><p style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">Subaru Impreza Vs Nissan 300Zx</span><br /></p><div style="text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='546' height='452' src='https://www.blogger.com/video.g?token=AD6v5dz8gPydtLz0yrNWMX0K17k4r03Xn4yLnFPzanVF3jSNmN61Q4AiOsjKmmx-Xq08UzkX5R5ip48e4FS4pF-T9g' class='b-hbp-video b-uploaded' frameborder='0'></iframe></div>FizwaNhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11114856556180550720noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4753455048548250387.post-61035165626339017662008-11-25T09:49:00.000-08:002008-11-25T09:54:03.303-08:00Turbochargers - The Basics<div style="text-align: justify;">One of the surest ways to get more power out of an engine is to increase the amount of air and fuel that it can burn. One way to do this is to add cylinders or make the current cylinders bigger. Sometimes these changes may not be feasible -- a turbo can be a simpler, more compact way to add power, especially for an aftermarket accessory.</div><p style="text-align: justify;"> </p><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">Turbochargers</span> allow an engine to burn more fuel and air by packing more into the existing cylinders. The typical boost provided by a turbocharger is 6 to 8 pounds per square inch (psi). Since normal atmospheric pressure is 14.7 psi at sea level, you can see that you are getting about 50 percent more air into the engine. Therefore, you would expect to get 50 percent more power. It's not perfectly efficient, so you might get a <strong style="font-weight: bold;">30% to 40% improv</strong><strong style="font-weight: bold;">ement</strong> instead.</p><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><p style="text-align: justify;">One cause of the <strong style="font-weight: normal;">inefficiency</strong> comes from the fact that the power to spin the turbine is not free. Having a turbine in the exhaust flow increases the restriction in the exhaust. This means that on the exhaust stroke, the engine has to push against a higher back-pressure. This subtracts a little bit of power from the cylinders that are firing at the same time.</p><p style="text-align: center;"><img src="http://static.howstuffworks.com/gif/turbo.jpg" alt="Where the turbocharger is located in the car. See more turbocharger images." border="0" /></p><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><strong>Where the turbocharger is located in the car<br /><br /></strong></span><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-style: italic;font-size:85%;" >Source: howstuffwork.com<strong></strong></span><br /><span style="font-size:85%;"><strong></strong></span></div></div>FizwaNhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11114856556180550720noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4753455048548250387.post-39836062376581118652008-11-25T09:42:00.000-08:002008-11-25T09:45:40.928-08:00Turbochargers - Working Principle<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:100%;">A <span style="font-weight: bold;">turbocharger</span>, often called a <span style="font-weight: bold;">turbo</span>, is a small radial fan pump driven by the energy of the exhaust flow of an engine. A <span style="font-weight: bold;">turbocharger</span> consists of a turbine and a compressor on a shared axle. The turbine inlet receives exhaust gases from the engine causing the turbine wheel to rotate. This rotation drives the compressor, compressing ambient air and delivering it to the air intake manifold of the engine at higher pressure, resulting in a greater mass of air entering each cylinder. In some instances, compressed air is routed through an intercooler before introduction to the intake manifold.</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">The objective of a <span style="font-weight: bold;">turbocharger</span> is the same as a supercharger; to improve upon the size-to-output efficiency of an engine by solving one of its cardinal limitations. A naturally aspirated automobile engine uses only the downward stroke of a piston to create an area of low pressure in order to draw air into the cylinder through the intake valves. Because the pressure in the atmosphere is no more than 1 bar (approximately 14.7 psi), there ultimately will be a limit to the pressure difference across the intake valves and thus the amount of airflow entering the combustion chamber. This ability to fill the cylinder with air is its volumetric efficiency. Because the<span style="font-weight: bold;"> turbocharger</span> increases the pressure at the point where air is entering the cylinder, a greater mass of air (oxygen) will be forced in as the inlet manifold pressure increases. The additional oxygen makes it possible to add more fuel, increasing the power and torque output of the engine.</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">Because the pressure in the cylinder must not go too high to avoid detonation and physical damage, the intake pressure must be controlled by controlling the rotational speed of the <span style="font-weight: bold;">turbocharger</span>. The control function is performed by a wastegate, which routes some of the exhaust flow away from the exhaust turbine. This controls shaft speed and regulates air pressure in the intake manifold.</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">The application of a compressor to increase pressure at the point of cylinder air intake is often referred to as forced induction. Centrifugal superchargers compress air in the same fashion as a <span style="font-weight: bold;">turbocharger</span>. However, the energy to spin the supercharger is taken from the rotating output energy of the engine's crankshaft as opposed to normally exhausted gas from the engine. Superchargers use output energy from an engine to achieve a net gain, which must be provided from some of the engine's total output. Turbochargers, on the other hand, convert some of the piston engine's exhaust into useful work. This energy would otherwise be wasted out the exhaust. This means that a turbocharger is a more efficient use of the heat energy obtained from the fuel than a supercharger.</span></div>FizwaNhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11114856556180550720noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4753455048548250387.post-60789814213993975362008-11-22T04:08:00.000-08:002010-04-17T08:40:07.357-07:00Drifting<div style="text-align: justify;">With the release of the third installment in the movie series "The Fast and Furious," this one is called "Tokyo Drift", <b>drifting</b> has finally made it to the big screen. Sure, Hollywood has known about donuts for decades, but this one's all about the <i>sport</i> of losing traction. In <span style="font-weight: bold;">drifting</span>, drivers force their car to slide sideways through a turn, and professional drifters can accomplish a true driving contradiction: They can control what happens when their tires no longer grip the road.<br />
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<span style="font-weight: bold;">Drifting</span> is really nothing new. If your car's rear end has ever swung around on a wet road, and you've struggled for 50 feet to get control, you've drifted. Even in car racing, <span style="font-weight: bold;">drifting</span> is pretty old hat. When race car drivers go around a turn at high speed, especially in the early days of racing when tires didn't have the grip they do now, the back end would sometimes swing out. The car would either spin out or the driver would recover from the drift and keep moving. Today, even with tires that could probably grip a vertical wall, the ability to <span style="font-weight: bold;">drift</span> without spinning out is an enviable skill in racing. The best drivers can control a <span style="font-weight: bold;">drift</span> so they can use it to their advantage -- a driver who can take a "non-ideal" path through a turn and brake late, causing the car to lose traction through the turn, has far more opportunities to pass than a driver who can't manage a drift. What's relatively new is the advent of drifting as a sport in its own right. "<span style="font-weight: bold;">Drift racing</span>" was born on the winding mountain roads of Japan in the 1990s, and it has been spreading to the United States and the United Kingdom for the last five years or so. A simple <span style="font-weight: bold;">drift </span>has a car moving sideways through a single turn, but it can get much more complex than that. At the pro level, drivers can drift through several opposing turns without their wheels ever gripping the road. That's where the winding mountain roads come in -- aside from the death factor, mountain roads are ideal <span style="font-weight: bold;">drifting</span> courses. The multiple, tight, S-type turn configurations allow drivers to display the most advanced <span style="font-weight: bold;">drifting</span> skills.</div><h1 class="articlePageTitle" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 85%;">Clutching and Braking</span></h1><div style="text-align: justify;">There are two primary techniques that drivers use to initiate a <span style="font-weight: bold;">drift</span>: <b>clutching</b> and <b>braking</b>. Drifting almost always requires a <b>rear-wheel-drive car</b>; it's possible to <span style="font-weight: bold;">drift</span> using a front-wheel-drive car, but it's relatively rare. In a common <span style="font-weight: bold;">clutch-initiated drift,</span> as the driver gets near a turn he'll push in the clutch and drop to second gear. He'll then rev the engine up to about 4,500 rpm. When he releases the clutch, there's a huge surge in power to the wheels because the engine is spinning so quickly. The sudden power dump makes the back wheels spin so fast they lose traction, and the back end swings into the turn. In a basic <span style="font-weight: bold;">braking</span> technique, the driver pulls the emergency brake as he enters a turn, causing the back wheels to lock up and lose traction, initiating a drift. This type of <span style="font-weight: bold;">brake-initiated drift </span>is one of the only techniques you can use with a front-wheel-drive car. In a rear-wheel-drive car, there are at least a dozen possible <span style="font-weight: bold;">drifting</span> techniques, and pro <span style="font-weight: bold;">drifter</span>s often use several in a single run.<br />
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Once a <span style="font-weight: bold;">drift</span> is initiated, the really hard part of the sport begins. Holding a <span style="font-weight: bold;">drift</span> instead of spinning out requires a lot of practice. Expert <span style="font-weight: bold;">drifters</span> use a combination of throttle (accelerator) control and steering motions to control a <span style="font-weight: bold;">drift</span>, not allowing the car to straighten out, regain traction or slow down through the turn. The best <span style="font-weight: bold;">drifters</span> can maintain a <span style="font-weight: bold;">drift </span>through several turns in a row. That's a pretty high level of <span style="font-weight: bold;">drifting</span> skill -- those drivers can expertly execute multiple techniques one after the other to maintain extended control of a <span style="font-weight: bold;">drift</span>. In the next section, we'll check out the physics of making a car <span style="font-weight: bold;">drift</span> and the many different <span style="font-weight: bold;">drifting </span>techniques you might see on the pro <span style="font-weight: bold;">drifting</span> circuit.<br />
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<span style="color: #cc0000;">Play the video below to watch </span><span style="color: #cc0000; font-weight: bold;">Subaru Impreza WRX STI Drifting Donuts</span><span style="color: #cc0000;"> (feel free to comment about this blog, thanks). Dear friend, while waiting for video loading/buffering, feel free to visit my other blogs. I hope you can </span><span style="color: #cc0000; font-weight: bold;">bookmark</span><span style="color: #cc0000;"> this blog for future visit and become this </span><span style="color: #cc0000; font-weight: bold;">blog follower's</span><span style="color: #cc0000;"> (i'm really appreciate it), there are much more </span><span style="color: #cc0000; font-weight: bold;">good & great stuffs</span><span style="color: #cc0000;"> I will put in this blog then. Thanks in advance for <span style="font-weight: bold;">visiting</span> and <span style="font-weight: bold;">bookmarking</span> this blog.</span><br />
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</span><span style="font-size: 85%;">Article source : </span><span style="font-size: 85%; font-weight: bold;">howstuffworks.com</span><span style="font-size: 85%;">.</span><br />
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<div style="text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='522' height='408' src='https://www.blogger.com/video.g?token=AD6v5dxHX7w4e1aJ6wPoTGiut3_6oudVZuVQeejWFzBc99KLn6DDdZ4MaaSDw1O8BCitPfuWssyknd41qNSj3Yde9Q' class='b-hbp-video b-uploaded' frameborder='0'></iframe></div></div>FizwaNhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11114856556180550720noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4753455048548250387.post-401945465920323732008-11-22T00:26:00.000-08:002008-11-25T03:11:24.290-08:00EngineThe core of the <span style="font-weight: bold;">engine</span> is the cylinder, with the piston moving up and down inside the cylinder. The engine described above has one cylinder. That is typical of most lawn movers, but most cars have more than one cylinder (four, six and eight cylinders are common). In a multi-cylinder engine, the cylinders usually are arranged in one of three ways: <strong>inline</strong>, <strong>V</strong> or <strong>flat</strong> (also known as horizontally opposed or boxer).<br /><br />Different configurations have different advantages and disadvantages in terms of smoothness, manufacturing cost and shape characteristics. These advantages and disadvantages make them more suitable for certain vehicles. <p>Let's look at some key engine parts in more detail.</p> <p><strong>Spark plug</strong><br />The spark plug supplies the spark that ignites the air/fuel mixture so that combustion can occur. The spark must happen at just the right moment for things to work properly.</p> <p><strong>Valves</strong><br />The intake and exhaust valves open at the proper time to let in air and fuel and to let out exhaust. Note that both valves are closed during compression and combustion so that the combustion chamber is sealed.</p> <p><strong>Piston</strong><br />A piston is a cylindrical piece of metal that moves up and down inside the cylinder.</p> <p><strong>Piston rings</strong><br />Piston rings provide a sliding seal between the outer edge of the piston and the inner edge of the cylinder. The rings serve two purposes:</p> <ul><li> They prevent the fuel/air mixture and exhaust in the combustion chamber from leaking into the sump during compression and combustion.</li><li> They keep oil in the sump from leaking into the combustion area, where it would be burned and lost.</li></ul> <p>Most cars that "burn oil" and have to have a quart added every 1,000 miles are burning it because the engine is old and the rings no longer seal things properly.</p> <p><strong>Connecting rod</strong><br />The connecting rod connects the piston to the crankshaft. It can rotate at both ends so that its angle can change as the piston moves and the crankshaft rotates.</p> <p><strong>Crankshaft</strong><br />The crankshaft turns the piston's up and down motion into circular motion just like a crank on a jack-in-the-box does.</p> <p><strong>Sump</strong><br />The sump surrounds the crankshaft. It contains some amount of oil, which collects in the bottom of the sump (the oil pan).</p><br /><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='493' height='410' src='https://www.blogger.com/video.g?token=AD6v5dwZcrq3Bbh6mJpGZZTOkRxdiJB8LMAukYFB0nj-jS5Js2MhNCbF3vJhbADDEAUltXUH3dBHr9G_8V1taeKHdQ' class='b-hbp-video b-uploaded' frameborder='0'></iframe><br /></div>FizwaNhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11114856556180550720noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4753455048548250387.post-83871527092637435302008-11-21T12:09:00.000-08:002008-11-21T12:59:08.109-08:00WRX Sti Technologies<span style="font-weight: bold;">Subaru Boxer 2.5-litre Turbocharged DOSH Engine</span><br /><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEihAJAmUTthcj9mSsNe9A_AkoRBN5Q7ZDnH6zJ2EJ8kl3dDySYOpp7MRCxBdnYyk-bQRDXq-nMJhXIii-XPhQX4hHPZrSSSfUn3hd0Ixx0H8Cj1bK1mk-12Iy0NcoIJ0yAChtiuIkMAykgR/s1600-h/Turbo.JPG"><img style="margin: 0pt 10px 10px 0pt; float: left; cursor: pointer; width: 208px; height: 156px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEihAJAmUTthcj9mSsNe9A_AkoRBN5Q7ZDnH6zJ2EJ8kl3dDySYOpp7MRCxBdnYyk-bQRDXq-nMJhXIii-XPhQX4hHPZrSSSfUn3hd0Ixx0H8Cj1bK1mk-12Iy0NcoIJ0yAChtiuIkMAykgR/s400/Turbo.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5271207534980215058" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br />Blessed with superb acceleration, through an outstanding 206kW (280PS) power output, effortlessly delivered with an ample 392 Nm (40kgfm) of torque.<br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;">DCCD (Driver's Control Centre Differen</span><span style="font-weight: bold;">tial) type AWD</span><br /><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhveONg47OtvQkbSza23cRkGj-wDmA97bYEAualPVrgnGpSxZbIIdTj_XPsWgHg1f-rnRGxIXwjPn1Nr2GL9gfzPBZo0pGXkOLfiZx6ozHw9TBjnsJo4kN2kqxv8TUPMJiNFY_XaRaDo_Rq/s1600-h/DCCT.JPG"><img style="margin: 0pt 10px 10px 0pt; float: left; cursor: pointer; width: 162px; height: 156px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhveONg47OtvQkbSza23cRkGj-wDmA97bYEAualPVrgnGpSxZbIIdTj_XPsWgHg1f-rnRGxIXwjPn1Nr2GL9gfzPBZo0pGXkOLfiZx6ozHw9TBjnsJo4kN2kqxv8TUPMJiNFY_XaRaDo_Rq/s400/DCCT.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5271208891344601490" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><br />Allied with a steering wheel angle sensor that computes driver's intentions, to give exquisite, predictable maneuverability.<br /><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;"><br /><br />Brembo Brakes<br /><br /></span><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9JeInO0iHyRy7ZrJKtF4rtDrVnULfDbyW_bjAjfa-RxgcTBhNPf_8mcSwbOvCa_ISupUW5jeZXidWgOAYd8Uq2lK003sGPFhyv7Nsc0NgHeWUQp2Y6L-i0JL3JDdd1CF7H2WuprGjTeEN/s1600-h/brembo.JPG"><img style="margin: 0pt 10px 10px 0pt; float: left; cursor: pointer; width: 162px; height: 156px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9JeInO0iHyRy7ZrJKtF4rtDrVnULfDbyW_bjAjfa-RxgcTBhNPf_8mcSwbOvCa_ISupUW5jeZXidWgOAYd8Uq2lK003sGPFhyv7Nsc0NgHeWUQp2Y6L-i0JL3JDdd1CF7H2WuprGjTeEN/s400/brembo.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5271210405828349698" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><br />The ultimate in stopping power - signalled to the world by the gold finish that's an icon of performance driving<br /><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;"><br /><br /><br />Six Speed Manual Transmission</span><br /><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhH1gR-a0gXZev33WRRriwvaC2pWxjK6GwDN_MyvA9y8R87o9sAvNBges0FIfZ94tQMLLU2k39FHWx2JgKzxK3K8hrR61NqbEBT7hwN5Sg3O1TtbZ_HWgqeGEbyA21dKrokaL7TVUaGdCBK/s1600-h/manual+transmision.JPG"><img style="margin: 0pt 10px 10px 0pt; float: left; cursor: pointer; width: 210px; height: 155px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhH1gR-a0gXZev33WRRriwvaC2pWxjK6GwDN_MyvA9y8R87o9sAvNBges0FIfZ94tQMLLU2k39FHWx2JgKzxK3K8hrR61NqbEBT7hwN5Sg3O1TtbZ_HWgqeGEbyA21dKrokaL7TVUaGdCBK/s400/manual+transmision.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5271211140180551026" border="0" /></a><br /><br />Crisp, close-ratio transmission that's stronger and more rigid, to match the motorsports-style massive torque output.<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;"><br /><br />Inverted Type Strut Suspension</span><br /><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKm0sBt95-2Y55RfM9paDraolGi19RPakO6bDeQjHC4bW0u4dilnkpGj718lDwZgN_OqnP-d9u-is2pdF6gRVYaOlgtR8iNHPlS-8Y7oA0lpfaqiKsQ6iF6Y1cLa2n50rDMgwSDtTYKNWr/s1600-h/strut.JPG"><img style="margin: 0pt 10px 10px 0pt; float: left; cursor: pointer; width: 208px; height: 157px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKm0sBt95-2Y55RfM9paDraolGi19RPakO6bDeQjHC4bW0u4dilnkpGj718lDwZgN_OqnP-d9u-is2pdF6gRVYaOlgtR8iNHPlS-8Y7oA0lpfaqiKsQ6iF6Y1cLa2n50rDMgwSDtTYKNWr/s400/strut.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5271212015498709010" border="0" /></a><br /><br />This is the highly-rigid, long-stroke suspension that help minimise chamber charges generated by side forces in cornering.<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;"><br /><br />Rear Disffuser</span><br /><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhTpOi8ZwrnOceWFbLU2T9pXmwdZb2cZWk_QOfKUr_AM9HucwBu9SBmE8RArRN14coOA6N1rInUvHfAIHs0RYLMLpYT3clHCre3h7VZu1BkKDNEJElS0Wx6fLbKcEKDR995b9EHOlalAZLs/s1600-h/diffuser.JPG"><img style="margin: 0pt 10px 10px 0pt; float: left; cursor: pointer; width: 166px; height: 159px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhTpOi8ZwrnOceWFbLU2T9pXmwdZb2cZWk_QOfKUr_AM9HucwBu9SBmE8RArRN14coOA6N1rInUvHfAIHs0RYLMLpYT3clHCre3h7VZu1BkKDNEJElS0Wx6fLbKcEKDR995b9EHOlalAZLs/s400/diffuser.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5271212888584629202" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><br />Channels airflow beneath the car to speed and smooth flow rates - and matches the body styling perfectly.<br /><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;"><br /><br /><br />Electro Led Luminescent Gauges</span><br /><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhnMSQg98YhCrzBBbGAypH2JadCOsiUndWbVHce8jYU2cYlSkJEqM-36aMu6mZJeEmdBzUbdjGqmnhOYY6YDI2gTphBd-tWCdUd0r2XPPeQcaDOtXB_CVax4-4S8-r-AKzpyhPAoMOq9GxN/s1600-h/gauge.JPG"><img style="margin: 0pt 10px 10px 0pt; float: left; cursor: pointer; width: 162px; height: 154px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhnMSQg98YhCrzBBbGAypH2JadCOsiUndWbVHce8jYU2cYlSkJEqM-36aMu6mZJeEmdBzUbdjGqmnhOYY6YDI2gTphBd-tWCdUd0r2XPPeQcaDOtXB_CVax4-4S8-r-AKzpyhPAoMOq9GxN/s400/gauge.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5271213653357590786" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><br />The red LED light sources gives great visibility day or night, as well as reducing eye strain<br /><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;"><br /><br /><br />Gold Coloured 17-inch 10-spoke Alloy Wheels</span><br /><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgO8kmJEBSZ-M3w9-dS3m46skGsfsfn7KM5QYdQnIx7t0rLpdp8ffZcDXqHIgP60kg10IMrSEfNpW0Qss-qI4tZU-rcYC8jCLKFOzhXQISeifMsw2UyUaz5MbxNUThq8Sd1uMSIS6rXDRXl/s1600-h/rim.JPG"><img style="margin: 0pt 10px 10px 0pt; float: left; cursor: pointer; width: 210px; height: 148px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgO8kmJEBSZ-M3w9-dS3m46skGsfsfn7KM5QYdQnIx7t0rLpdp8ffZcDXqHIgP60kg10IMrSEfNpW0Qss-qI4tZU-rcYC8jCLKFOzhXQISeifMsw2UyUaz5MbxNUThq8Sd1uMSIS6rXDRXl/s400/rim.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5271214330454608994" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><br />The wheels are not only chosen for their good looks-they also have great strength for handling, cornering and performance.<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><div style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;">Full system<br /></div><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBsmU-KXINOEtphSvtZsX-nTqpynyGolonbzt4sdL_ypBJAv16KrU1F6wRtDh4vV8FRkjt-34SkrrWrfoM9Q9AdPeOgqTvB-RM5lijpRF8RQfeNhoHk7rj8VnnUTSzXQg00ibTzfBWtIek/s1600-h/full+system.JPG"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 593px; height: 301px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBsmU-KXINOEtphSvtZsX-nTqpynyGolonbzt4sdL_ypBJAv16KrU1F6wRtDh4vV8FRkjt-34SkrrWrfoM9Q9AdPeOgqTvB-RM5lijpRF8RQfeNhoHk7rj8VnnUTSzXQg00ibTzfBWtIek/s400/full+system.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5271215694261876034" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;"><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /></span>FizwaNhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11114856556180550720noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4753455048548250387.post-51932284635178594152008-11-20T23:44:00.000-08:002008-11-21T00:41:19.660-08:00TurbochargersWhen we talk about race cars or high-performance sports cars such as Subaru Impreza WRX Sti, the topic of <span style="font-weight: bold;">turbochargers</span> usually comes up. A <span style="font-weight: bold;">turbo</span> can significantly boost an engine's horsepower without significantly increasing its weight, which is the huge benefit that makes turbos so popular!<br /><br />A <span style="font-weight: bold;">turbocharger</span>, or <span style="font-weight: bold;">turbo</span>, is an air compressor used for forced-induction of an internal combustion engine. Like a supercharger, the purpose of a <span style="font-weight: bold;">turbocharger</span> is to increase the mass of air entering the engine to create more power. However, a <span style="font-weight: bold;">turbocharger</span> differs in that the compressor is powered by a turbine driven by the engine's own exhaust gases.<br /><div style="text-align: justify;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOZhnAD1ZrMR9AIiidGMcmOSV4KMxEvZ44Myvn3c0PTJgOP-crRv3Ypc8PHxItcOK5rsLS0FTXnwgVS_6tcpA8o6dVN5Jnr-9Z_pZ6N6dK2u5Q37bpf41H4XC9L4m6vblhWlMxOOceAiH7/s1600-h/turbo-tool.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 267px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOZhnAD1ZrMR9AIiidGMcmOSV4KMxEvZ44Myvn3c0PTJgOP-crRv3Ypc8PHxItcOK5rsLS0FTXnwgVS_6tcpA8o6dVN5Jnr-9Z_pZ6N6dK2u5Q37bpf41H4XC9L4m6vblhWlMxOOceAiH7/s400/turbo-tool.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5271017523322066034" border="0" /></a><br />Early manufacturers of <span style="font-weight: bold;">turbochargers</span> referred to them as "<span style="font-weight: bold;">turbosuperchargers</span>". A supercharger is an air compressor used for forced induction of an engine. Logically then, adding a turbine to turn the supercharger would yield a "<span style="font-weight: bold;">turbosupercharger</span>". However, the term was soon shortened to "<span style="font-weight: bold;">turbocharger</span>". This is now a source of confusion, as the term "<span style="font-weight: bold;">turbosupercharged</span>" is sometimes used to refer to an engine that uses both a crankshaft-driven supercharger and an exhaust-driven <span style="font-weight: bold;">turbocharger</span>.<br /><br />In this blog, we'll learn how a <span style="font-weight: bold;">turbocharger</span> increases the power output of an engine while surviving extreme operating conditions. We'll also learn how wastegates, ceramic turbine blades and ball bearings help <span style="font-weight: bold;">turbochargers</span> do their job even better. <span style="font-weight: bold;">Turbochargers</span> are a type of forced induction system. They compress the air flowing into the engine . The advantage of compressing the air is that it lets the engine squeeze more air into a cylinder, and more air means that more fuel can be added. Therefore, you get more power from each explosion in each cylinder. A <span style="font-weight: bold;">turbocharged</span> engine produces more power overall than the same engine without the charging. This can significantly improve the power-to-weight ratio for the engine.<br /><br />In order to achieve this boost, the <span style="font-weight: bold;">turbocharger</span> uses the exhaust flow from the engine to spin a turbine, which in turn spins an air pump. The turbine in the <span style="font-weight: bold;">turbocharger</span> spins at speeds of up to 150,000 rotations per minute (rpm) -- that's about 30 times faster than most car engines can go. And since it is hooked up to the exhaust, the temperatures in the turbine are also very high.<br /><br />.........to be continue soon with Turbochargers : The Basics/Working Principle :-)<br /></div>FizwaNhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11114856556180550720noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4753455048548250387.post-59677016408526817992008-10-21T11:30:00.000-07:002008-11-04T22:50:38.483-08:00Subaru Impreza WRX Sti<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEifZphEyfYlbjce-oE0E11cMTaKzkyWCIdowrWoxp_W9N16JFlJPfS-mYs2fAo7EgmhD36yZrZDo9dQ4eFaHtjPHaKrXVmBmYViGvPWMIqPlP3S1kmqXA_F1Ue6znbN-Npl0qb1ETvDJh-c/s1600-h/Subaru_Impreza_WRX_STi_05.jpg"><img style="margin: 0pt 10px 10px 0pt; float: left; cursor: pointer; width: 320px; height: 212px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEifZphEyfYlbjce-oE0E11cMTaKzkyWCIdowrWoxp_W9N16JFlJPfS-mYs2fAo7EgmhD36yZrZDo9dQ4eFaHtjPHaKrXVmBmYViGvPWMIqPlP3S1kmqXA_F1Ue6znbN-Npl0qb1ETvDJh-c/s320/Subaru_Impreza_WRX_STi_05.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5265062213232811794" border="0" /></a>The Subaru <span style="font-weight: bold;">Imprez</span>a is a compact car that was first introduced by Subaru in 1993. "<span style="font-weight: bold;">Impreza</span>" is a coined word, deriving from an originally Italian word, impresa, meaning a feat or achievement. In Polish, "<span style="font-weight: bold;">Impreza</span>" means "party", "event" or "show".<br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">The </span><span style="font-weight: bold;">Impreza</span> was introduced after the popular Leone/Loyale was cancelled with the aging EA series engine. The<span style="font-weight: bold;"> Impreza</span> was introduced with the popular EJ series engine found in the larger Subaru Legacy. The <span style="font-weight: bold;">Impreza</span> was introduced as an updated competitor to other Asian vehicles Toyota Corolla, Honda Civic, Nissan Sentra, Mitsubishi Lancer and Mazda 323, however the Impreza is the only vehicles in this class to offer AWD and Subaru made this feature standard equipment in 1996, a distinction that is still unique to this day.<br /><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: justify;">Subaru chose to continue their longstanding traditional use of the boxer engine in the <span style="font-weight: bold;">Impreza</span> as well as their other products, to simplify the powertrain implementation of all wheel drive and because of the natural smoothness of the engine design. According to Subaru, becase the engine sits inline with the transmission, instead of being offset, as can be commonly found by other FWD and AWD vehicles, body roll is minimized. The weight of the engine and transmission to be inbalanced in the engine bay in others vehicles. The boxer engine also affords a low center of gravity because the engine sits low in the engine bay and close to the ground, as opposed to other vehicles, allowing the vehicle to stay more stable in moderate to high speed manovers. Other manufacturers attempt to counteract the offset weight by making their powerstrains weight evenly distributed, which overall causes the powertrain to be heavier than the Subaru layout, which is lightweight from the beginning, having being manufactured from aluminium. The boxer design also provides perfect vibration mitigation due to the fact that the movement of each piston is exactly countered by the corresponding piston in the opposing cylinder bank, eliminating the need for harmonic balancer attached to the front of the engine at the crankshaft. torque steer is also reduced with this type of powertrain layout. This is achieved by having the front driveshafts being of equal weight and length and extend from the transmission to the front wheels at almost perpendicular from the transmission.</p>FizwaNhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11114856556180550720noreply@blogger.com0